ZC4H2 and the Hidden Complexity of Hypotonia

ZARD. Last year I became acquainted with a neurodevelopmental disorder that I knew relatively little about before, ZC4H2-Associated Rare Disorder, or ZARD. First of all, this was a good reality check for me that the field of genetic neurodevelopmental disorders is broad and includes many conditions where more than a hundred individuals have been reported in the literature and twice as many families are represented by advocacy organizations. And yet, these some of these conditions remain rare enough that our program largely misses them, even after having evaluated more than 7,000 individuals with epilepsy and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, this gap in knowledge gave me the opportunity to rapidly acquaint myself with a condition based on available information. And this is when I stumbled upon an unusual feature of ZC4H2-related disorders that made me pause: the surprisingly high frequency of congenital contractures for a neurodevelopmental disorder. Here is what I learned.

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